What happens during translation?

What happens during translation?

• A. mRNA instructions are used to assemble amino acids and proteins; occurs at the ribosomes; genetic information is being 'translated' into proteins
• B. DNA is transcribed into mRNA
• C. Proteins modify DNA
• D. tRNA replicates DNA

Answer: (A)

Translation is the process by which the information encoded in mRNA is used to assemble amino acids into a protein. The ribosome reads the mRNA codons and, with help from tRNA bringing the matching amino acids, links the amino acids in the exact order specified. This occurs at ribosomes in the cytoplasm (and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum), turning genetic information from nucleic acid language into protein. The other descriptions refer to different steps: transcription converts DNA to mRNA; proteins modifying DNA describe regulation of gene activity rather than making a protein; tRNA does not replicate DNA and is not involved in DNA replication.

Translation is the process by which the information encoded in mRNA is used to assemble amino acids into a protein. The ribosome reads the mRNA codons and, with help from tRNA bringing the matching amino acids, links the amino acids in the exact order specified. This occurs at ribosomes in the cytoplasm (and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum), turning genetic information from nucleic acid language into protein. The other descriptions refer to different steps: transcription converts DNA to mRNA; proteins modifying DNA describe regulation of gene activity rather than making a protein; tRNA does not replicate DNA and is not involved in DNA replication.